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The impact of improper solid waste management to plastic pollution in Indonesian coast and marine environment
Summary
Indonesia's plastic pollution problem in coastal and marine environments is largely driven by improper solid waste management on land, with rivers carrying significant plastic loads to the sea. The study emphasizes that improving terrestrial waste collection and disposal infrastructure is essential for reducing Indonesia's substantial contribution to ocean plastic pollution.
Plastic pollution has become a major concern in Indonesian coast and marine environment today. It occurs because 14% of the solid waste (SW) components in this country is plastic, and the SW management (SWM) infrastructure and services are still limited. The objectives of this article are to discuss the improper SWM and its impact to plastic pollution in Indonesia. Ten plastic pollution studies concerning macroplastics (MaP) and microplastics (MP) were described. These studies covered 5 regions, namely Java, East Nusa Tenggara, East Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, North and Southwest Sumatera. The highest MP abundance of 37,440-38,790 particles/kg dry weight (DW) sediment was found in Jakarta Bay, followed by Wonorejo Coast in Surabaya City (414-590 MP particles/kg DW sediment). The MP has entered the food chain through bivalves and fish. Therefore, the plastic pollution which is related to population density, and inadequacy of SWM, needs urgent solution.