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Accelerating phytoremediation of degraded agricultural soils utilizing rhizobacteria and endophytes: a review
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This review examines how beneficial soil bacteria and fungi can help plants clean up contaminated agricultural soils, including those polluted by plastic mulch residues, pesticides, and heavy metals. Microbial-assisted phytoremediation is presented as a promising low-cost approach for restoring degraded farmland.
Agricultural activities and agro-inputs, particularly chemical fertilizers, farmyard manure, pesticide, sewage sludge, plastic mulch, irrigation, etc., are the primary source of pollutants in farmlands. Agricultural land degradation has become a major concern as it poses a threat to crop productivity. In recent years, microbial-assisted phytoremediation has gained much attention as a promising in situ remediation technology for cleaning polluted soils. Several beneficial rhizobacteria and endophytes facilitate phytoremediation by stimulating innate plant growth-promoting traits such as the production of siderophores, phytohormones, and chelators in addition to their ability to biodegrade contaminants and enhance their removal. Current studies on microbial mediated phytoremediation are demonstrating significant remediation potential. However, there are several challenges in the field that restrict the remediation process. Here we highlight the specific traits, mechanisms, roles, advantages, and problems associated with microbial-assisted phytoremediation.
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Effects of micro and nanoplastics on plant-assisted bioremediation for contaminated soil recovery: A review
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This review examines how the growing presence of micro- and nanoplastics in contaminated soils affects plant-assisted bioremediation, finding that microplastics disrupt the plant-microbe rhizosphere interactions that make phytoremediation effective for removing heavy metals and degrading organic pollutants.
Bioremediation of Agricultural Soils
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This review examines biological approaches to cleaning up contaminated agricultural soils, including microplastics and other emerging pollutants from irrigation water and sewage sludge. Bioremediation using microorganisms and plants offers sustainable pathways for restoring soil health.
Rhizosphere and endophytic microbiomes as biological buffers against microplastic pollution: Mechanisms and remediation strategies
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This review summarizes existing research on tiny plastic particles contaminating farm soils, which can harm plants and reduce crop yields by 25 to 50 percent. It describes how certain soil and plant-associated bacteria and fungi, including Pseudomonas and Bacillus, can break down these plastics and help plants cope with the resulting stress.
Plant-driven strategies for mitigating microplastic pollution in agricultural ecosystems
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Researchers review how microplastics damage agricultural soils and crops — disrupting soil structure, starving plants of nutrients, and triggering oxidative stress — and explore plant- and microbe-based strategies like root-associated bacteria and biochar amendments as promising but underexplored tools for cleaning up plastic-contaminated farmland.
Microbiome-guided rhizosphere engineering for sustainable remediation of agricultural soil contaminants
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This review summarizes existing research on using soil microbes near plant roots to clean up farm soil pollution, including pesticides, metals, oil and microplastics. It finds only metal cleanup and oil breakdown by microbes have been proven to work in real fields, while microplastic cleanup has not been shown in soil, and newer gene-editing approaches remain untested ideas.
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