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Umweltrelevante Systeme und Technologien
Summary
This German-language textbook chapter covers environmentally relevant systems and technologies in modern civilization, including food production, energy use, and waste management. It provides context for understanding how industrial and consumer systems generate pollutants like microplastics.
Die Zivilisation versucht, die Lebensbedingungen einer arbeitsteiligen Gesellschaft zu verbessern, indem sie in den verschiedenen Sektoren Lebensmittel, Gebrauchsgüter und Nutzenergie bereitstellt und letztlich auch die Abfallprodukte verarbeitet. Entlang dieser Bereitstellungsketten und Entsorgungsschienen sind viele Prozesse umweltrelevant: die Entnahme von Primärrohstoffen aus der Umwelt, die Aufbereitung und der Transport, die Herstellung von Produkten in Produktionsanlagen, die Verteilung der Produkte und deren Nutzung sowie die Sammlung und Behandlung des Abfalls und Abwassers. Alle diese Schritte bedürfen geeigneter und regional angepasster Technologien, die einer ständigen Weiterentwicklung unterliegen. Für Umwelt- und Bioressourcenmanagerinnen und -manager sind daher grundlegende Kenntnisse der physikalischen, chemischen und technischen Prinzipien hinter den technologischen Ansätzen sowie ein Überblick über die verfügbaren Technologien samt ihren Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von entscheidender Bedeutung.
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