0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Detection Methods Food & Water Human Health Effects Sign in to save

Releases of Fire-Derived Contaminants from Polymer Pipes Made of Polyvinyl Chloride

Toxics 2019 37 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Ngee Sing Chong, Saidi Abdulramoni, Dwight Patterson, Heather J. Brown

Summary

Fire-derived contaminants were found to be released from PVC water pipes, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other toxic compounds, following exposure conditions simulating building fires. The findings have implications for water safety after structure fires, when plastic plumbing components may leach harmful chemicals into drinking water.

Polymers
Models
Study Type Environmental

In order to assess the human exposure risks from the release of contaminants from water pipes made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), experiments were carried out by subjecting the PVC pipe material to burning and leaching conditions followed by analysis of the emission and leachate samples. The emissions of burning pipes were analyzed by both infrared spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The emission test results indicate the presence of chlorinated components including chlorine dioxide, methyl chloride, methylene chloride, allyl chloride, vinyl chloride, ethyl chloride, 1-chlorobutane, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, and hydrogen chloride were detected in the emissions of burning PVC pipes. Furthermore, the concentrations of benzene, 1,3-butadiene, methyl methacrylate, carbon monoxide, acrolein, and formaldehyde were found at levels capable of affecting human health adversely. The analysis of PVC pipe leachates using GC-MS shows that there are 40-60 tentatively identified compounds, mostly long-chain hydrocarbons such as tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, and docosane, were released when the burned PVC materials were soaked in deionized water for one week. Quantitative analysis shows that 2-butoxyethanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, and diethyl phthalate were found in the burned PVC polymer at the average levels of 2.7, 14.0, and 3.1 micrograms per gram (μg/g) of pipe material. This study has significant implications for understanding the benzene contamination of drinking water in the aftermath of wildfires that burned polymer pipes in California.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Releases of Fire-Derived Contaminants from Water Pipes Made of Polyvinyl Chloride Polymer

Burning PVC water pipes releases a mixture of chlorinated chemicals including vinyl chloride, a known carcinogen, and water leached from fire-damaged PVC pipes contained harmful compounds. This is relevant to microplastics because fires that damage plastic infrastructure create toxic contamination in drinking water and increase the risk of plastic particle ingestion.

Article Tier 2

Release of microplastics from pipe materials and their impact on stagnant water

Researchers examined microplastic release from four common pipe materials into stagnant drinking water and found that PVC pipes released the highest amount, reaching 114,000 particles per liter. The microplastics accelerated chlorine decay, increased turbidity, elevated organic carbon levels, and facilitated microbial growth in the water. The findings raise concerns about drinking water quality in building plumbing systems where water stagnation is common.

Article Tier 2

The Behavior of Polymeric Pipes in Drinking Water Distribution System—Comparison with Other Pipe Materials

This review examines how polymeric water pipes release chemical compounds into drinking water, including heavy metals from pipe materials and microbial biofilms, and compares risks across different pipe materials. Leaching from pipe materials poses ongoing risks to drinking water quality in distribution systems.

Article Tier 2

Chemical and microbiological safety of drinking water in distribution networks made of plastic pipes

Researchers examined the safety of drinking water distributed through plastic pipes made of PVC and HDPE, which are increasingly replacing metal pipes. They found that these plastic pipes can leach chemical compounds into the water and may promote different microbial growth patterns compared to metal pipes. The study highlights the need for better monitoring of both chemical and microbiological quality in drinking water systems that use plastic infrastructure.

Article Tier 2

Toxicity of Water after Short-Term Contact with PVC Materials Depending on the Temperature and Components of the Polymer Composition

Researchers tested the toxicity of water in contact with PVC plastic at different temperatures, finding that the degree of plasticizer content unexpectedly affected toxicity in complex ways. PVC leaches chemicals including phthalates into water, raising concerns about plastics used in water pipes and food packaging.

Share this paper