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Direct membrane filtration for wastewater treatment and resource recovery: A review

The Science of The Total Environment 2019 602 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Selina Hube, Majid Eskafi, Kolbrún Fríða Hrafnkelsdóttir, Björg Bjarnadóttir, Margrét Ásta Bjarnadóttir, Snærós Axelsdóttir, Bing Wu

Summary

Researchers review direct membrane filtration technologies — including pressure-driven, osmotic, thermal, and electrically driven processes — for wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery, evaluating treatment efficiency and identifying membrane fouling as the primary operational challenge, with physical and chemical cleaning strategies highlighted as key to long-term viability.

Direct membrane filtration has shown great potential in wastewater treatment and resource recovery in terms of its superior treated water quality, efficient nutrient recovery, and sustainable operation, especially under some scenarios where biological treatment is not feasible. This paper aims to give a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of direct membrane filtration processes (including pressure-driven, osmotic-driven, thermal-driven, and electrical-driven) in treating different types of wastewater for water reclamation and resource recovery. The factors influencing membrane performance and treatment efficiency in these direct membrane filtration processes are well illustrated, in which membrane fouling was identified as the main challenge. The strategies for improving direct membrane filtration performance, such as physical and chemical cleaning techniques and pretreatment of feed water, are highlighted. Towards scaling-up and long-term operation of direct membrane filtration for effective wastewater reclamation and resource recovery, the challenges are emphasized and the prospects are discussed.

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