Oryzias javanicus as a Bioindicator in Southeast Asian Intertidal Waters: Integrating Bibliometric Mappingb with Ecotoxicological Evidence

This study assesses the suitability of Oryzias javanicus as a bioindicator for Southeast Asian intertidal waters by combining bibliographic network mapping with laboratory and field ecotoxicology to reveal how mechanistic, reproductive, developmental, and pathology endpoints align with estuarine research in Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. The objectives were to map the structure and evolution of Oryzias research; extract biological insights on life stage, population structure, and habitat use relevant to monitoring; evaluate ecotoxicological endpoints that provide decision ready indicators; assess the alignment of these endpoints with sustainability goals in intertidal systems; and derive SWOT and TOWS strategies. The mapping resolved four clusters with a clear chronology. Environmental exposure and early life stages anchor the estuarine use case, while organ pathology and disease consolidate outcome measures. More recent work concentrates on mechanistic biomarkers and endocrine endpoints that are compatible with regulatory testing. Across clusters, O. javanicus functions as the hub that links field exposures with laboratory inference. The discussion synthesizes these signals into a three module monitoring design. First, quarterly embryo to juvenile assays target metals, herbicides, pharmaceuticals, nanoparticles, and microplastics with LC50 and cardiac endpoints. Second, semi-annual adult histopathology and reproductive assessments track chronic risk and fecundity. Third, an annual disease and microbiome panel captures co-occurring microbial hazards. SWOT and TOWS analyses highlight strengths in regional validation and euryhalinity, identify weaknesses in omics resources, and convert them into strategies for reference lines, mixture realistic assays, and habitat coupled metrics.