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Impacto de la ingesta de residuos plásticos en peces
Summary
This review summarizes research on how plastic waste affects fish through direct ingestion, exposure to contaminated water, and transfer through the food chain. Multiple studies consistently found physical injury, toxicity, and reproductive disruption across a range of fish species exposed to different plastic types and concentrations.
The present research corresponds to a review on the investigations carried out based on the exposure of a diversity of fish to different concentrations and types of plastic waste, either through direct intake, exposure to contaminated environments or by transferring them through the trophic chain. In the development, a description of the types and degrees of affectations that this waste causes to the fish is presented; likewise, a comparison of the results obtained by some authors in their experiments has been included. As a result of the analysis carried out, it has been concluded that the waste is easily assimilated by fish, regardless of their size and that due to their small size, microplastics act as aquatic vectors capable of transporting organic and inorganic materials on their surface to cause potential damage to marine organisms that absorb them directly or indirectly.