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Enhanced cytotoxicity of photoaged phenol-formaldehyde resins microplastics: Combined effects of environmentally persistent free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and conjugated carbonyls

Environment International 2020 138 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 55 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Kecheng Zhu, Kecheng Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Yajiao Sun, Hanzhong Jia, Yajiao Sun, Kecheng Zhu, Hanzhong Jia, Yajiao Sun, Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Hanzhong Jia, Tiecheng Wang, Kecheng Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Yajiao Sun, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Yunchao Dai Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Yajiao Sun, Yajiao Sun, Yajiao Sun, Yunchao Dai, Xuetao Guo, Yajiao Sun, Yajiao Sun, Xuetao Guo, Yajiao Sun, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Xuetao Guo, Yajiao Sun, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Yunchao Dai Yunchao Dai, Yunchao Dai, Kecheng Zhu, Kecheng Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Yunchao Dai Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Yajiao Sun, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Hanzhong Jia, Yunchao Dai, Chi Zhang, Chi Zhang, Yunchao Dai Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Yajiao Sun, Yunchao Dai, Xuetao Guo, Yajiao Sun, Tiecheng Wang, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Yunchao Dai Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Kecheng Zhu, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Kecheng Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Lingyan Zhu, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Lingyan Zhu, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Hanzhong Jia, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Xuetao Guo, Lingyan Zhu, Xuetao Guo, Hanzhong Jia, Xuetao Guo, Tiecheng Wang, Yunchao Dai, Yunchao Dai

Summary

Researchers studied how photoaging affects the toxicity of phenol-formaldehyde resin microplastics, a common inhalable particle released during manufacturing. They found that UV exposure changed the surface chemistry and increased the cytotoxicity of these microplastics, partly due to the release of environmentally persistent free radicals. The study suggests that weathered microplastics may pose greater health risks than freshly produced particles, particularly through inhalation exposure.

Body Systems

Respiratory

Study Type In vitro

Phenol-formaldehyde resin microplastic (PF-MP) is one of the major inhalable microplastics in environments released from the manufacture, processing and usage of PF materials. The associated toxicities of PF-MP might be affected by photoaging. In this study, the dynamic evolutions of the oxidative potential (OP) and redox-active species, including environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs), reactive oxygen species (ROS), peroxides and conjugated carbonyls, as well as the associated cytotoxicity of PF-MP were systematically investigated as a result of the simulated sunlight irradiation. As the photoaging time extended, the OP of PF-MP increased. The contents of the produced conjugated carbonyls, ROS and PF-bound EPFRs due to light irradiation increased as well, and displayed significant correlations with the OP (Spearman r > 0.6, p < 0.05). The photoaged PF-MP distinctly increased the cellular ROS and reduced the cell viability of human lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cells (A549). The cytotoxicity of PF-MP showed a similar trend with the OP level in PF-MP, suggesting that the produced active species induced the in vitro toxicities. The results not only highlight the adverse health effects of photoaged PF-MP, but also provide new perspectives for the environmental risks of airborne MPs.

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