Plastic additives and legacy persistent organic pollutants in the preen gland oil of seabirds sampled across the globe
Environmental Monitoring and Contaminants Research2021
67 citations
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Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Hideshige Takada,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Peter G. Ryan,
Joao, Frias,
Peter G. Ryan,
Lauren Roman,
Bungo Nishizawa,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Joao, Frias,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Peter G. Ryan,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Rei Yamashita,
Rei Yamashita,
Peter G. Ryan,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Joao, Frias,
Peter G. Ryan,
Joao, Frias,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Lauren Roman,
Joao, Frias,
Lauren Roman,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Hideshige Takada,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Hideshige Takada,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Nagako Hiki,
Nagako Hiki,
Jean-Baptiste Thiébot,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Rei Yamashita,
Rei Yamashita,
Rei Yamashita,
Hideshige Takada,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Rei Yamashita,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Hideshige Takada,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Rei Yamashita,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Hideshige Takada,
Christopher K. Pham,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Rei Yamashita,
Hideshige Takada,
Christopher K. Pham,
Lauren Roman,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Joao, Frias,
Rei Yamashita,
Joao, Frias,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Fumika Kashiwada,
Fumika Kashiwada,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Joao, Frias,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Peter G. Ryan,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Hideshige Takada,
Joao, Frias,
Hideshige Takada,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Hideshige Takada,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Hideshige Takada,
Christopher K. Pham,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Christopher K. Pham,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Christopher K. Pham,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Hideshige Takada,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Joao, Frias,
Christopher K. Pham,
Hideshige Takada,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Joao, Frias,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Lauren Roman,
Joao, Frias,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Lauren Roman,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Rei Yamashita,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Hideshige Takada,
Peter G. Ryan,
Christopher K. Pham,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Lauren Roman,
Lauren Roman,
Peter G. Ryan,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Christopher K. Pham,
Christopher K. Pham,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
David Hyrenbach,
Peter G. Ryan,
David Hyrenbach,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Hideshige Takada,
Peter G. Ryan,
Hideshige Takada,
Rei Yamashita,
Hideshige Takada,
Yutaka Watanuki,
Christopher K. Pham,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Joao, Frias,
Joao, Frias,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Peter G. Ryan,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Hideshige Takada,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Hideshige Takada,
Ben J. Dilley
Carlos A. Valle,
Hideshige Takada,
Rei Yamashita,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Yutaka Watanuki,
Christopher K. Pham,
Juan Pablo Muñoz‐Pérez,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Carlos A. Valle,
Kaoruko Mizukawa,
Christopher K. Pham,
Peter G. Ryan,
Joao, Frias,
Bungo Nishizawa,
Akinori Takahashi,
Hideshige Takada,
Jean-Baptiste Thiébot,
Alexis Will,
Peter G. Ryan,
Peter G. Ryan,
Nobuo Kokubun,
Christopher K. Pham,
Yuuki Watanabe,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Takashi Yamamoto,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Kozue Shiomi,
Ui Shimabukuro,
Yutaka Watanuki,
Peter G. Ryan,
Lauren Roman,
Carlos A. Valle,
Peter G. Ryan,
Hideshige Takada,
Hideshige Takada,
Britta Denise Hardesty,
Ben J. Dilley
Summary
Researchers analyzed preen gland oil from 145 seabirds across 32 species worldwide for plastic additives and legacy persistent organic pollutants. The study found PCBs and pesticides were ubiquitous and correlated with trophic level, while plastic-associated UV stabilizers were detected in 46% of individuals, suggesting that seabirds are exposed to plastic-derived chemicals alongside traditional pollutants through their diet.
Plastic pollution, and its associated impacts on marine fauna due to chemical contamination, is an area of growing global concern. We analyzed 145 preen gland oil samples from 32 seabird species belonging to 8 families with different foraging habits and life history strategies from around the world for plastic additives and legacy persistent organic pollutants. The additives included two brominated flame retardants (decabromodiphenyl ether, BDE209; decabromo diphenyl ethane, DBDPE) and six benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVSs; UVP, UV326, UV329, UV328, UV327, and UV234). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites: DDTs and hexachlorocyclohexane: HCHs) were detected ubiquitously. High concentrations of PCBs (up to 20,000 ng/g-lipid) were observed in the seabirds from higher-trophic level taxa. These patterns can be attributed to PCB exposure via their diet and associated biomagnification. DDT concentrations showed strong positive correlations with PCB concentrations, suggesting that DDTs in seabirds are also a result of diet and biomagnification. Plastic additives were detected sporadically as BDE209 and DBDPE were detected in 16 seabirds from 10 species (range: 3–379 ng/g-lipid) and BUVSs were detected in 46% (67) of the examined individuals (range: 2–7,055 ng/g-lipid). UV stabilizers were more frequently detected than flame retardants because UV stabilizers are more widely applied to plastic products. None of the plastic additives were correlated to the presence of PCBs, nor were they explained by the foraging area or trophic level. High concentrations of additives were detected in the species with high levels of plastic in their digestive tracts. In some of these species, such as Hawaiian petrels (Pterodroma sandwichensis) from Hawaii and flesh-footed shearwaters (Ardenna carneipes) from Western Australia, plastics were directly observed in the stomach. For other species, including great shearwaters (Ardenna gravis) from Gough Island, blue petrels (Halobaena caerulea) from Marion Island, and black-footed and Laysan albatrosses (Phoebastria nigripes and P. immutabilis) from Hawaii, plastic ingestion has been documented in literature. These patterns can be explained if the additives are mainly from ingested plastics rather than diet. The detection of BFRs and BUVSs demonstrated that a significant proportion of the examined seabirds accumulated chemicals from ingested plastics.