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Microplásticos en peces marinos de importancia económica en Lima, Perú
Summary
Researchers found microplastics in five economically important fish species from coastal waters near Lima, Peru, including lorna drum, cabinza grunt, and mackerel. The findings are significant for public health because these are commonly eaten fish, and Peru is one of the world's largest fishing nations.
Se evaluó los microplasticos (MP) presentes en cinco peces de importancia económica en el Perú: Sciaena deliciosa (Tschudi, 1846) (Sciaenidae) “lorna”, Isacia conceptionis (Cuvier, 1830) (Haemulidae) “cabinza”, Scartichthys gigas (Steindachner, 1876) (Blenniidae) “borrachito”, Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mugilidae) “lisa” y Scomber japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782) (Scombridae) “caballa”. El contenido estomacal y branquial de cada pez fue sometido a digestión con KOH al 10%, seguido por un proceso de filtración para la búsqueda de MP. Los MP fueron clasificados por color y por forma. La contaminación por MP encontrados en el tracto digestivo de S. gigas presentaron valores mayores que los encontrados en las otras cuatro especies. No se observaron diferencias en la cantidad de MP registrados en las branquias entre especies. Solo se observó una correlacion positiva entre la longitud corporal de I. conceptionis y MP del tracto digestivo/pez, y entre el peso de M. cephalus y MP del tracto digestivo/pez. El azul, negro y blanco fueron los colores dominantes del los MP a nivel del tracto digestivo, y el azul, negro y fucsia en branquias. A nivel del tracto digestivo, los tipos de MP fueron fibra, fragmento y film y en branquias solo se hallaron fibras.
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