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The Effect of Gadolinium and Lanthanum on the Mortality of Daphnia magna
Summary
This study assessed the toxicity of two rare earth elements—gadolinium and lanthanum—to the water flea Daphnia magna, finding both were harmful at environmentally relevant concentrations. Rare earth elements are increasingly released into water from electronics and technology manufacturing, and their effects on aquatic organisms are poorly understood.
Rare earth elements (REEs) have been recently identified as emergent contaminants because of their numerous and increasing applications in technology. The impact of REEs on downstream ecosystems, notably aquatic organisms, is of particular concern, but has to date been largely overlooked. The purpose of this study were to generate toxicological information regarding these poorly studied Gadolinium and Lanthanum elements to determine the current risk associated with these elements. The results of this work indicate a notable D. magna mortality in high concentration of La and Gad. The findings from our study also indicate that Gad is more toxic than La. Due to this mortality effect of La and Gad to D. magna, it will be important for the ensuring continuity of the ecosystem to monitor especially aquatic environments and to treat them with appropriate treatment methods from contaminated environments.
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