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Water Pollution by Microplastics and Nanoplastics
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This Croatian thesis reviews research on microplastic and nanoplastic contamination in both freshwater and marine environments worldwide. The author discusses detection methods, environmental concentrations, ecological effects, and the challenge of removing these particles from water systems.
Svi zemljini ekosustavi su onečišćeni mikroplastikom, koja najčešće dospijeva i do samog čovjeka. U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati istraživanja provedenih u cilju utvrđivanja prisutnosti čestica mikroplastike i nanoplastike u vodnim cjelinama, kako u slanim tako i u slatkim vodama. Mikroplastika se definira kao sitne čestice plastike manje od 5 mm, dok su čestice nanoplastike dimenzija manjih od 1 μm. Prema kemijskom sastavu mikroplastika je raznolika. Potječe od mnogih različitih vrsta proizvoda i može biti različitih veličina, boja i morfologije. Postoje dva tipa mikroplastike, a to su: primarna mikroplastika koja u okolišu dospijeva direktnim ispuštanjem iz industrija ili iz kućanskih proizvoda, te sekundarna mikroplastika koja nastaje degradacijom plastičnog otpada koji se nalazi u okolišu djelovanjem okolišnih čimbenika. Sastavljena je od raznih polimera i uključuje širok spektar kemijskih dodataka. Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazuju da se najviše mikroplastike nalazi u površinskim vodama iz kojih se kruženjem mogu proširiti u sve dijelove okoliša. Istraživanja o pojavnosti mikroplastike i nanoplastike u okolišu provode se tek posljednjih desetak godina, a do sada prikupljeni podatci i saznanja ukazuju da njihova pojavnost u okolišu ima izrazito negativan utjecaj na živi svijet u okolišu, stoga su nužna daljna istraživanja te spoznaje o njihovim štetnim učincima kao i praćenje količina koje se pojavljuju u prirodi.
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Microplastics in freshwater ecosystems and effects on biota
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This Croatian thesis reviews the occurrence of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems worldwide and examines their effects on aquatic organisms. The author summarizes research on microplastic concentrations in rivers and lakes and discusses ecological impacts on freshwater biota.
Sources, fate and behaviour of microplastics in the aquatic environment
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This Croatian thesis reviews sources, fate, and behavior of microplastics in aquatic environments. The author synthesizes research on how plastic particles enter water systems, how they are transported and transformed, and what risks they pose to freshwater and marine organisms.
Micro- and Nanoplastic Pollution of Freshwater and Wastewater Treatment Systems
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This review examined micro- and nanoplastic pollution in freshwater systems and wastewater treatment, summarizing sources, removal efficiency, and the fate of particles that pass through treatment processes into receiving waters.
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Microplastics in Water Bodies and in the Environment
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This review examines microplastics and nanoplastics as emerging pollutants of concern in water bodies and broader environments, synthesizing current knowledge on their sources, distribution, detection methods, and ecological and human health implications. It discusses the challenges of monitoring these contaminants across freshwater, marine, and terrestrial systems given the diversity of particle types, sizes, and polymer compositions involved.
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