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Removal of microplastics with UF membranes
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This Croatian thesis investigated using ultrafiltration membranes to remove microfibers released from synthetic textile washing. The study tested membrane performance for capturing these tiny plastic fibers before they enter waterways.
Mikroplastika je zbog svoje male veličine ozbiljna opasnost za okoliš i sav živi svijet u njemu. Jedan od izvora mikroplastike je pranje sintetskog tekstila prilikom čega se otpuštaju brojna mikrovlakna koja završavaju u otpadnim vodama. Glavni cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati učinkovitost ultrafiltracijskih (UF) membrana pri uklanjanju mikrovlakana iz kućanske otpadne vode. Ispitivanje učinkovitosti provedeno je s komercijalnim GH, PU i MW membranama, a ispitivane membrane razlikovale su se prema različitim graničnim molekulskim masama (engl. Molecular weight cut-off, MWCO). Kućanska otpadna voda dobivena je pranjem poliesterskih majica u perilici rublja u prvom slučaju bez deterdženta, dok je u drugom slučaju pranje provedeno s dodatkom deterdženta. Fizikalno – kemijski parametri koji su praćeni prilikom obrade bili su električna provodnost, mutnoća, ukupni ugljik, ukupni organski ugljik, anorganski ugljik, pH vrijednost, suspendirane tvari i obojenje pri 436 nm, 525 nm i 620 nm. Praćen je i protok permeata tijekom obrade otpadne vode. Sve ispitivane membrane smanjile su koncentraciju suspendiranih tvari za 100,0 % te je time utvrđeno da su UF membrane učinkovite pri uklanjanju mikrovlakana iz kućanske otpadne vode. Također, sve UF membrane smanjile su vrijednost mutnoće i obojenja pri valnim duljinama od 436 nm, 525 nm, 620 nm i ukupno za više od 90,0 %. Tijekom obrade došlo je i do smanjenja ostalih praćenih parametara (električne provodnosti, ukupnog ugljika, ukupnog organskog ugljika i anorganskog ugljika).
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Microplastics in plastic bottle recycling and textile manufacturing wastewater: characterization and removal using ultrafiltration membranes
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Recycling plastic bottles and manufacturing textiles releases huge amounts of tiny plastic particles into wastewater—thousands per liter—which could eventually make their way into our water supply and environment if not filtered out properly. The good news: this study found that special filtering membranes can effectively strip out these microplastics, offering a practical way to keep them from spreading further, though the filters still need regular cleaning since oily/organic gunk clogs them faster than the plastic bits do.
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Microfiltration and ultrafiltration ceramic membranes were compared for the treatment of laundry wastewater containing microfibers, with both membranes achieving high microfiber removal while the ultrafiltration membrane provided better water quality for reuse. The study supports ceramic membrane filtration as an effective approach to capturing textile microplastics at the point of washing.
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Researchers assessed the performance of ultrafiltration membranes for removing microplastic particles from water, developing a new characterization and quantification technique to evaluate removal efficiency. The study provides a methodological framework for filtration-based microplastic removal.
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