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Avobenzone and nanoplastics affect the development of zebrafish nervous system and retinal system and inhibit their locomotor behavior
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Researchers studied the combined effects of the sunscreen ingredient avobenzone and nanoplastics on zebrafish larvae development. They found that both substances accumulated in the fish and could not be eliminated within 72 hours, with combined exposure affecting nervous system and retinal development, disrupting antioxidant enzyme activity, and significantly inhibiting locomotor behavior.
The use of cosmetics is growing with each passing day, arousing widespread attention to their ingredients. Avobenzone (AVO) and nanoplastics (NPs) are typical ingredients in cosmetics, which coexist in the aquatic environment and have a combined effect on aquatic organisms. In this study, the accumulation of AVO and NPs in zebrafish larvae and effects on gene expression and enzymatic activity related to nervous functions, and locomotor behavior were investigated. AVO and NPs accumulated continuously in zebrafish, and the combined exposure enhanced AVO accumulation. After recovery, the accumulated concentrations of AVO and NPs in zebrafish remained unchanged, suggesting that AVO and NPs could not be eliminated in 72 h. The genes regulated nervous system development were affected mainly by AVO exposure, while the genes regulated retinal system development were affected by NPs exposure. Single and combined exposures of AVO and NPs affected the activities of acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant enzymes in zebrafish, and superoxide dismutase activity could not return to normal level after 72 h of recovery period. The locomotor activity of zebrafish larvae was significantly inhibited by AVO and NPs, which might be related to the alterations in functions of nervous system development and retinal system development as well as the interference of neurotransmitter system and antioxidant system.
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From cradle to grave: Deciphering sex-specific disruptions of the nervous and reproductive systems through interactions of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor and nanoplastics in adult zebrafish
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Adult zebrafish exposed to a common sunscreen chemical (4-MBC) combined with nanoplastics showed significant damage to both their nervous and reproductive systems, with effects that differed between males and females. The nanoplastics acted as carriers that increased the accumulation of the sunscreen chemical in brain and reproductive tissues. These combined effects were passed to the next generation, raising concerns about how cosmetic chemicals and plastic pollution together may affect long-term reproductive health.
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Scientists found that when oxybenzone (a common sunscreen chemical) mixes with tiny plastic particles in water, it can still cause birth defects in fish embryos, particularly problems with their swim bladders. The plastic particles sometimes reduced how much of the chemical got into the fish, but at higher levels this protective effect disappeared. This matters because both oxybenzone and microplastics are widespread in our oceans and drinking water, and this research suggests their combination could pose risks to developing animals and potentially humans.
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