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Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
Scientific Reports2021
63 citations
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Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Score: 45
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0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Michela Volgare,
Roberto Avolio,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Roberto Avolio,
Michela Volgare,
Roberto Avolio,
Roberto Avolio,
Veronica Ambrogi,
Roberto Avolio,
Michela Volgare,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Gennaro Gentile,
Michela Volgare,
Roberto Avolio,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Michela Volgare,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Rachele Castaldo,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Michela Volgare,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Michela Volgare,
Francesca De Falco,
Michela Volgare,
Michela Volgare,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Roberto Avolio,
Roberto Avolio,
Roberto Avolio,
Roberto Avolio,
Roberto Avolio,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Francesca De Falco,
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Rachele Castaldo,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Rachele Castaldo,
Roberto Avolio,
Gennaro Gentile,
Roberto Avolio,
Rachele Castaldo,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Roberto Avolio,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Roberto Avolio,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Roberto Avolio,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Roberto Avolio,
Francesca De Falco,
Rachele Castaldo,
Roberto Avolio,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Gennaro Gentile,
Roberto Avolio,
Francesca De Falco,
Veronica Ambrogi,
Veronica Ambrogi,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Veronica Ambrogi,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Veronica Ambrogi,
Roberto Avolio,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Rachele Castaldo,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Maria Emanuela Errico
Rachele Castaldo,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Gennaro Gentile,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Veronica Ambrogi,
Veronica Ambrogi,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Roberto Avolio,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Rachele Castaldo,
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Gennaro Gentile,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Gennaro Gentile,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Mariacristina Cocca,
Francesca De Falco,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Rachele Castaldo,
Mariacristina Cocca,
Maria Emanuela Errico
Summary
Washing load size significantly influenced microfiber release from polyester fabrics, with larger loads generating greater absolute fiber quantities but lower per-item release, linked to changes in fabric wettability and the mechanical abrasion forces experienced during the wash cycle.
Microplastics released from textiles during the washing process represent the most prevalent type of microparticles found in different environmental compartments and ecosystems around the world. Release of microfibres during the washing process of synthetic textiles is due to the mechanical and chemical stresses that clothes undergo in washing machines. Several washing process parameters, conditions, formulations of laundering additives have been correlated to microfibre release and some of them have been identified to affect microfibre release during washing process, while no correlation has been evaluated between microfibre release and washing load. In the present study, microfibre release was evaluated as function of the washing load in a real washing process, indicating a progressive decrease of microfibre release with increasing washing load. The quantity of released microfibres increased by around 5 times by decreasing the washing load due to a synergistic effect between water-volume to fabric ratio and mechanical stress during washing. Moreover, the higher mechanical stress to which the fabric is subjected in the case of a low washing load, hinders the discrimination of the effect on the release of other washing parameters like the type of detergent and laundry additives used.