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Use of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model for a new configuration of circular primary settling tank
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This chapter applies three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modeling to optimize the design of circular primary settling tanks in large wastewater treatment plants. The modeling approach identifies how tank geometry affects particle settling efficiency.
This book emphasizes the growing interest in the design and operation of large wastewater treatment plants throughout the past decades. The outstanding role of LWWTPs nowadays results from the shift of the world's population from rural to urbanized areas with centralized sewer systems. The urban population of the world has grown rapidly from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2 billion in 2018.Asia is home to 54% of the world's urban population, followed by Europe and Africa with 13% each. Today, 55% of the world's population lives in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to increase to 68% by 2050. Projections show that urbanization, combined with the overall growth of the world's population could add another 2.5 billion people to urban areas by 2050, with close to 90% of this increase taking place in Asia and Africa.Topics covered in this book include operational data and research centred around large-scale applications of innovative technologies and approaches; topics connected with the design and operation of LWWTPs, such as data acquisition for design purposes, application of mathematical models, nitrogen removal optimization and financial sustainability. Emerging topics of interest are also examined, such as the removal of micropollutants and microplastics, greenhouse gas emissions, activated sludge granulation and the effect of street thawing salt on plants.In Focus–a book series that showcases the latest accomplishments in water research. Each book focuses on a specialist area with papers from top experts in the field. It aims to be a vehicle for in-depth understanding and inspire further conversations in the sector.
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This chapter presents case studies demonstrating how computational fluid dynamics models improve the design and operation of large wastewater treatment plants. It highlights specific examples where modeling led to measurable performance improvements.
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This study used computational fluid dynamics to simulate the terminal settling velocities of microplastic particles with different shapes, sizes, and densities in still water. Results showed that particle shape, particularly deviation from a sphere, significantly affects how fast microplastics sink in aquatic systems.
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Researchers used computer fluid dynamics simulations to test how the size of a hydrocyclone — a cone-shaped device that uses spinning water to separate particles — affects its ability to remove microplastics from water. Smaller hydrocyclones generated stronger centrifugal forces and recovered more microplastics, though they also required more energy, revealing a trade-off that engineers must balance in real-world water treatment systems.
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Researchers used computational fluid dynamics to systematically evaluate how physical parameters including size, shape, density, and surface roughness affect microplastic settling velocity in lakes, finding that particle shape and density are the most influential factors determining residence time.
Effect of hydrocyclone design in microplastics-water separation by using computational fluid dynamics simulations
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Researchers used computer fluid dynamics simulations to test and optimize the design of hydrocyclones — spinning funnel-shaped devices that use centrifugal force to separate particles from water — for removing microplastics, finding an optimized geometry that achieved 76% microplastic recovery. The results show that carefully tuning the proportions of a hydrocyclone's components can significantly improve its ability to filter microplastics from water at scale.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.