Meta-analysis of the relationship between internal microplastic and health outcomes

Microplastics and Human Health: A Comprehensive Review of Exposure Pathways, Biological Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications

The impact of microplastics on global public health, distribution, and contamination: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 78 studies on microplastic exposure pathways, finding that ingestion accounts for roughly 74% of human MP exposure and that animal models show MPs induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and endocrine disruption, though causality in human populations remains unconfirmed.

Health risk of human exposure to microplastics: a review

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Researchers reviewed the human health risks of microplastic exposure across multiple organ systems, finding evidence that these particles trigger oxidative stress, disrupt gut microbiota, impair liver and cardiovascular function, suppress immunity, and — through leached additives like phthalates — act as endocrine disruptors with synergistic effects when combined with co-occurring environmental pollutants.

Human Health Impacts of Microplastics Pollution

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Researchers examined what is known about how microplastics move through the human body after ingestion, noting that while absorption and tissue distribution have been partially characterized, fundamental gaps remain in understanding how microplastics are metabolized and eliminated.

An Overview of the Detrimental Effect of Microplastics on Humans

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Researchers reviewed how rising global plastic production combined with poor waste management leads microplastics to accumulate in the human body through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, summarizing evidence linking this exposure to inflammatory, endocrine, and cytotoxic health effects.