Extreme Weather Changes and Their Impact on Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystems in Banten Province

Banten Province, with a coastline of 550 km, is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, particularly extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall, drought, and rise in sea-levels. Projections indicate that the Panimbang area is at risk of flooding due to a sea-level rise of up to 394 mm. Mangrove degradation in Serang, changes in plankton communities in the Banten estuary, and disruptions in water supply on small islands like Tunda indicate serious impacts on marine ecosystems. Microplastic pollution and human activities further exacerbate these conditions. The combination of climate change and anthropogenic activities accelerates the degradation of marine and terrestrial ecosystems, including disruptions to agriculture in inland areas. The research method used was qualitative with a descriptive approach through literature studies, field observations, and interviews with local stakeholders. The research results show that in coastal areas such as Pandeglang and Serang, a coastal erosion, damage to mangrove ecosystems, and a decline in fish populations due to rising sea levels and high waves have been observed. Meanwhile, in inland areas such as Lebak and western Serang, erratic rainfall patterns and extreme temperatures have triggered floods, droughts, and declines in agricultural yields. Adaptation barriers include low community awareness, a lack of climate policy integration, and damage to supporting ecosystems. Adaptation efforts that have been undertaken include mangrove rehabilitation, adaptive agriculture, early warning systems, and cross-sector collaboration. However, their effectiveness still needs to be improved through community-based integrative approaches and climate-adaptive policies. This study emphasises the importance of synergy between the government, community, and private sector in strengthening environmental resilience in Banten Province.