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Method for Identification of Black Microplastics by Using Tire Library
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This study developed a tire rubber library to improve identification of black microplastics — tire and road wear particles — using FTIR spectroscopy, which struggles with carbon black-containing materials. Tire particles are a major and often undetected category of microplastic pollution in urban runoff.
道路塵埃は，海洋へ流出するマイクロプラスチック(MPs)の主要発生源の一つであるとされ，タイヤを発生源とするゴム片が確認されており，生態系への悪影響が懸念されている．しかし，タイヤは様々な物質の混合物であるほか，カーボンブラックによりスペクトルの吸収残渣の増大が生じることで，付属のライブラリに基づくATR-FTIRでの材質同定に限界があった．そこで本研究では，複数メーカーのタイヤから採取した小片のスペクトルを標準スペクトルとしてライブラリに登録することにより，MPs分析対象サンプルがタイヤか否かを判断する手法について検討を行った．用途や採取部位の違いによりタイヤ小片のスペクトル形状は異なる傾向を呈した．市街地の道路塵埃及び路面排水施設内堆積物の試料中における黒色MPsの材質分析においてタイヤライブラリも参照した結果，タイヤライブラリはタイヤ小片の検出やその材質同定方法の改善に有用であるものと考えられた．
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Identification and quantification of tire wear particles by employing different cross-validation techniques: FTIR-ATR Micro-FTIR, Pyr-GC/MS, and SEM
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Researchers developed and cross-validated methods using FTIR-ATR, micro-FTIR, pyrolysis-GC/MS, and scanning electron microscopy to identify and quantify tire wear particles in highway stormwater runoff. The study optimized pretreatment methods to extract tire wear particles without degradation, providing more accurate identification and reducing the risk of underestimating this important source of microplastic pollution.
Methodological approach to characterise tyre and road wear particles (TRWP) for environmental monitoring
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Researchers developed a new method for characterizing tire and road wear particles (TRWP) using infrared spectroscopy, addressing the challenge that black carbon in tires absorbs infrared light and makes standard FTIR analysis unreliable. The method allows better quantification and identification of TRWP in environmental samples, an important step for understanding a pollutant that is estimated to be the single largest source of synthetic polymer particles entering the environment. Accurate detection of TRWP is critical for assessing their environmental and health impacts.
Comparison of reference libraries for the detection of tire-derived microplastics (TMPs)
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Researchers compared multiple reference spectral libraries for detecting tire-derived microplastics (TMPs) using micro-Fourier transform infrared (muFTIR) spectroscopy in environmental samples, evaluating how library choice affects detection accuracy for a polymer type estimated to account for 60% of secondary microplastics in aquatic environments. The study identified significant variation in detection performance across libraries and provided recommendations for library selection and construction to improve TMP identification in environmental monitoring programs.
Detection and Quantification of Tire Particles in Sediments Using a Combination of Simultaneous Thermal Analysis, Fourier Transform Infra-Red, and Parallel Factor Analysis.
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A method for detecting and quantifying tire rubber particles in sediments was validated, enabling better tracking of this significant but understudied source of microplastic contamination in road runoff and aquatic environments. Tire wear particles, composed of synthetic rubber, represent a substantial fraction of total microplastic emissions in urban areas.
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Researchers developed a method to identify and quantify tire wear particles in environmental samples alongside traditional microplastics using pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. They found that tire wear particles represent a substantial fraction of total microplastic mass in environmental samples and should be included in standard microplastic monitoring.
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