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Porous microplastics enhance polychlorinated biphenyls-induced thyroid disruption in juvenile Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)
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Researchers found that porous microplastics enhanced the thyroid-disrupting effects of polychlorinated biphenyls in juvenile Japanese flounder, with co-exposure reducing body growth and significantly altering thyroid hormone levels compared to PCB exposure alone.
Microplastics and polychlorinated biphenyls are ubiquitous in the marine environments. To illuminate their combined biological impacts, juvenile Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were exposed to 500 ng/L PCBs alone or 500 ng/L PCBs plus 2, 20, and 200 μg/L 10-μm porous MPs for 21 days. Compared to PCBs alone, co-exposure to PCBs and 20, 200 μg/L MPs reduced fish body length and body weight, and the concurrence of MPs aggravated PCBs-induced thyroid-disrupting effects, including significantly decreased L-thyroxine and L-triiodothyronine levels, more severe damage to the thyroid tissue and gill morphology, and disturbance on the expression of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis genes. The PCBs concentrations in the seawater were decreased dramatically with the increase of MPs concentrations, confirming that MPs absorbed PCBs from the seawater. Our results demonstrated that MPs enhanced the thyroid disruption of PCBs, suggesting that the risk of MPs and thyroid-disrupting chemicals on marine organisms should be paid more attention.
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Researchers found that polyethylene microplastics increased tissue damage caused by the endocrine disruptor 4-nonylphenol in juvenile common carp, with combined exposure producing more severe histopathological changes in gills, liver, and kidneys than individual exposures.
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Researchers exposed red tilapia to polypropylene microplastics alone and combined with boron, finding that the mixture disrupted key brain and liver enzymes more severely than either pollutant alone. The study shows that microplastics can amplify the toxic effects of other environmental contaminants in fish.
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Researchers studied how polystyrene microplastics affect the toxicity of BHA, a synthetic antioxidant commonly used in plastics, on developing zebrafish. The study found that co-exposure to microplastics and BHA enhanced developmental toxicity by disrupting thyroid function and metabolism, suggesting that microplastics can amplify the harmful effects of their own chemical additives on aquatic organisms.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers as hitchhikers on microplastics: Sorption behaviors and combined toxicities to Epinephelus moara
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Researchers investigated how microplastics carry polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and found that combined exposure caused more severe oxidative stress and gene expression changes in grouper fish than either pollutant alone.
Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish
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Researchers exposed zebrafish to microcystin-LR (a toxin from algal blooms) combined with polystyrene microplastics and found that the combination caused significantly worse brain damage and thyroid hormone disruption than either pollutant alone. The microplastics appeared to overwhelm the fish's ability to compensate for the algal toxin, leading to hormone imbalances that could affect growth and development. This is concerning because algal blooms and microplastics frequently occur together in polluted waterways, and their combined effects on the hormone system may be worse than expected.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.