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Spatiotemporal macro debris and microplastic variations linked to domestic waste and textile industry in the supercritical Citarum River, Indonesia

Marine Pollution Bulletin 2022 59 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Muhammad Reza Cordova, I. S. Nurhati, Akihiro Shiomoto, Katsumori Hatanaka, Ramadhona Saville, Etty Riani

Summary

In-situ monitoring of macro debris and microplastics along the heavily polluted Citarum River in Indonesia found that plastics dominated riverine debris (comprising 85% of materials) and that dams were concentrated accumulation points for microplastics. The study links plastic loads to both domestic waste disposal and textile industry discharges along the river.

Study Type Environmental

Rivers are the key conduits for land-to-sea debris transport. We present in situ monitoring data of macro debris and microplastic along the supercritical Citarum River in Indonesia We identified the dams as concentrated areas of microplastic. Plastics accounted for 85% of the riverine debris (5369 ± 2320 items or 0.92 ± 0.40 tons daily). We estimated macrodebris releases of 6043 ± 567 items or 1.01 ± 0.19 tons daily with a microplastic concentration of 3.35 ± 0.54 particles per m from Citarum River to sea. It has been suggested that population density and urbanization rate are major factors determining the spatiotemporal variability of macrodebris and microplastic abundances in the Citarum River. Our research highlights the importance of long-term monitoring to estimate debris and microplastics inflows along the Indonesian river to the world ocean as a benchmark for the reduction of macro and microdebris into the environment.

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