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Simulation of the transportation of microplastics on coastal zones applying the MOHID Platform: case studies in Macaé River estuary and in Guanabara

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Researchers used the MOHID hydrodynamic model to simulate how microplastics move through two estuarine environments in Brazil — the Macaé River estuary and Guanabara Bay. The simulations revealed how local currents, tides, and wind patterns govern where microplastics accumulate, providing a tool for predicting pollution hotspots.

Study Type Environmental

A contaminação de microplásticos no meio ambiente tem recebido atenção de pesquisadores, cientistas e ambientalistas. Atualmente existem poucos modelos que simulam a trajetória de detritos plásticos. Esses modelos são usados com o intuito de prever os acessos e as modificações de substâncias flutuantes no oceano ou na atmosfera, sendo alimentados através de parâmetros que são escolhidos de acordo com a localidade trabalhada. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar o modelo hidrodinâmico, MOHID, com seu módulo Lagrangeano para a simulação do transporte de microplásticos nas regiões do Estuário do Rio Macaé e na região da Baía de Guanabara. A plataforma utilizada na pesquisa tem sido adotada em vários países, para simular processos que ocorrem em estuários, mares e oceanos, partindo de dados experimentais reais obtidos no campo para a calibração dos modelos. Concluiu-se que o módulo de rastreamento de partículas se mostrou uma ferramenta significativa para o estudo da circulação de microplásticos no estuário do rio Macaé e na Baía de Guanabara. Os resultados se mostraram satisfatórios, uma vez que todo o lixo plástico acumulado em ambas regiões estuarinas tiveram maior concentração dentro das baías, com um menor avanço para o mar aberto, justificando o porquê da Baía de Guanabara ter o nível de concentração de microplásticos elevado. Por fim, sugerem-se outras simulações levando em consideração outros fatores, como as forçantes meteorológicas da região de estudo.

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