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Variação espacial da abundância de pellets plásticos na praia de Santos, São Paulo, Brasil
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Researchers mapped the spatial distribution of plastic pellets on Santos Beach in Brazil, collecting nearly 12,000 pellets during a summer sampling campaign in 2020. Pellet abundance varied along the beach longitudinal axis and across tidal zones, with the highest concentrations near the waterline, suggesting active transport by ocean currents.
O estudo objetiva determinar a atual distribuição espacial de pellets plásticos na praia de Santos, tanto ao longo do eixo longitudinal da praia como ao longo das linhas das marés e avaliar a quantidade da entrada desse material. Para determinar a distribuição espacial de pellets plásticos, foram coletados 108 elementos amostrais de área quadrada de 1,0 m de lado retirado do sedimento com 10 cm de profundidade, totalizando 0,1 m3. A amostragem ocorreu no verão de 2020, entre os dias 08/01 a 21/03, e foram coletados 11.979 pellets. Relativamente às zonas de praia amostradas, a zona “linha do deixa” apresentou as maiores densidades numéricas nos trechos 9 e 8, com médias de 742,000±237,765 pellets/0,1 m³ e 617,333±77,242 pellets/0,1 m³, respectivamente. Com relação ao eixo longitudinal da praia, os pellets foram encontrados em abundância no trecho 5, situado na região central da praia que é influenciada pela hidrodinâmica e pelas correntes marinhas, onde observou-se a maior densidade numérica na zona seca com média de 188,667±127,563 pellets/0,1 m³ e ainda uma média de 584,000±343,167 pellets/0,1 m³ na zona “linha do deixa”. Ao analisar a densidade numérica de entrada de pellets, o trecho 9 apresentou a maior média na zona “linha do deixa”, que recebe o depósito de material trazido pelas correntes marinhas, próximo à entrada do Porto de Santos onde acontece o transporte ativo destes microplásticos. Os resultados apontam que a zona deposicional de pellets ocorra entre os canais 3 e 4 e na Ponta da Praia.
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