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Super-bridging fibrous materials for water treatment

npj Clean Water 2022 21 citations

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Researchers engineered fiber-based materials that dramatically increase the size of clumped particles (called flocs) during water treatment, reducing the need for chemical additives by up to 60% while also effectively removing emerging contaminants like microplastics and nanoplastics from drinking water.

Abstract To deal with issues of process sustainability, cost, and efficiency, we developed materials reengineered from fibers to serve as super-bridging agents, adsorbents, and ballast media. These sustainable fiber-based materials considerably increased the floc size (~6,630 µm) compared to conventional physicochemical treatment using a coagulant and a flocculant (~520 µm). The materials also reduced coagulant usage (up to 40%) and flocculant usage (up to 60%). These materials could be used in synergy with coagulants and flocculants to improve settling in existing water treatment processes and allow facilities to reduce their capital and operating costs as well as their environmental footprint. Moreover, the super-sized flocs produced using fiber-based materials (up to ~13 times larger compared to conventional treatment) enabled easy floc removal by screening, eliminating the need for a settling tank, a large and costly process unit. The materials can be effective solutions at removing classical (e.g., natural organic matter (NOM) and phosphorus) and emerging contaminants (e.g., microplastics and nanoplastics). Due to their large size, Si- and Fe-grafted fiber-based materials can be easily recovered from sludge and reused multiple times.

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Super-bridging Fibrous Materials for Water Treatment: Impacts on Removal of Plastic Particles, Phosphorus and Natural Organic Matter

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Researchers developed fiber-based materials that act as super-bridging agents in water treatment, creating much larger flocs than conventional coagulants alone and improving the removal of plastic particles, phosphorus, and natural organic matter. The materials reduced coagulant and flocculant usage by up to 40-60%, lowering both costs and chemical footprint.

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Impact of fiber-based super-bridging agents on contaminant removal via settling and screening: microplastics, textile fibers, and turbidity

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Researchers added fiber-based super-bridging agents to standard water treatment coagulation and flocculation processes and found they created flocs 10 to 100 times larger than normal, dramatically improving settling. The agents also cut chemical demand by 50% and improved removal of microplastics, textile fibers, and turbidity from water. This approach could make water treatment more efficient and cost-effective while specifically targeting microplastic removal.

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Removal of Classical and Emerging Contaminants in Water Treatment Using Super-Bridging Fiber-Based Materials

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Researchers designed iron-grafted cellulose fibers and tested them for removing both classical contaminants and emerging pollutants including microplastics from wastewater, demonstrating high removal efficiency across a broad range of contaminant types in a single treatment step.

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Super-bridging Fibrous Materials for Water Treatment: Impacts on Removal of Plastic Particles, Phosphorus and Natural Organic Matter

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Researchers developed fiber-based materials that act as super-bridging agents in water treatment, creating much larger flocs than conventional coagulants alone and improving the removal of plastic particles, phosphorus, and natural organic matter. This entry appears to be a duplicate of paper 60960 from the same study.

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Fibrous super-bridging agents simultaneously improve contaminants removal and sludge dewatering via a very compact three-in-one process

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Researchers developed a compact three-step water treatment process using fibrous bridging agents that simultaneously removes contaminants — including nanoplastics and microplastics — and dewaters sludge more efficiently than conventional methods. This streamlined approach could make clean water treatment more accessible for small towns and underserved communities in developing countries.

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