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Malachite green removal using ionic flocculation
Summary
Researchers developed an ionic flocculation method to remove malachite green dye from water by combining a surfactant with calcium to form flocs that adsorb the contaminant for removal by centrifugation. Optimized conditions at pH 9 with 1,400 mg/L surfactant achieved 96% removal efficiency, following Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models.
Abstract The use of ionic flocculation is proposed to remove malachite green (MG), in this case, from water. A surfactant with the polluted solution and calcium is added. The surfactant-calcium reaction forms a precipitate, which aggregates into flocs on agitation. The flocs adsorb MG, which can then be removed by centrifugation. Ionic flocculation was assessed by varying parameters including: surfactant and MG concentrations, electrolyte content, pH, contact time, etc. The isotherm and adsorption kinetic models that best fit this process are the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. MG removal efficiency of 96% was obtained at pH 9, with surfactant concentration 1,400 mg L−1, MG concentration 10 mg L−1 and contact time 10 minutes. The process has potential for pollutant removal.
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