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Controlled carbonization of microplastics loaded nano zero-valent iron for catalytic degradation of tetracycline
Summary
Researchers converted microplastics into a porous carbon support for nano zero-valent iron catalyst using controlled molten salt carbonization, increasing carbon yield from 18% to 52% and surface area from 404 to 602 square meters per gram. The resulting catalyst degraded 82% of tetracycline within 10 minutes via hydroxyl radical generation and also effectively degraded other persistent organic pollutants.
Nano zero-valent iron loaded porous carbon derived from microplastics was designed as heterogeneous catalyst for degradation of persistent organic pollutants. Controlled carbonization of microplastics with molten salt was conducted to tune the morphology of carbon product. Controlled carbonization induces higher carbon yield (from 17.73% to 52.24%) and larger surface area (from 403.72 m/g to 601.82 m/g). The catalyst (Fe/MMPC) was characterized by Raman, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope. Loading nano zero-valent iron onto porous carbon are verified in the catalyst. The process factors including Fe/MMPC dosage, HO, pH, anions, and temperature were studied to estimate the catalytic performance. Tetracycline degradation (81.8% within 10 min) is effectively obtained in the Fe/MMPC and HO system. The apparent rate constant is 0.1311-0.2999 min under different temperature, and the activation energy of catalytic process is 22 kJ/mol. Pollutants including rhodamine B, p-nitrophenol, and butylxanthate are efficiently degraded in the catalytic system. The predominant species of catalytic reactions are hydroxyl radicals, which are mainly produced from HO activation enhanced by zero-valent iron in Fe/MMPC. This work offers an innovative strategy for microplastic management and wastewater treatment.
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