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Small-Scale Mechanical Testing
Summary
This review summarized advances in small-scale mechanical testing techniques, focusing on micropillar compression, nanoindentation, and related methods for characterizing material properties at micro- and mesoscale in complex microstructures and coatings — with relevance to understanding microplastic mechanical behavior.
This article reviews recent developments in small-scale mechanical property testing with some emphasis on intermediate (meso) length scales in complex microstructures and coated systems. The introduction summarizes size effects discovered from a century ago up to the recent explosion in micropillar testing that established many length scale effects in yielding and fracture. The bulk of the article deals with plasticity and fracture in polyphasic and microstructurally graded systems, including biomaterials, composites, and thermal protection systems, highlighting the use of in situ methods where mechanical tests are coupled to synchrotron X-ray scattering, electron backscattering, radiation damage, and digital image correlation.
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