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Nanosafety: An Evolving Concept to Bring the Safest Possible Nanomaterials to Society and Environment
Summary
Researchers reviewed the evolving field of nanosafety, examining approaches to evaluate the potential toxicity and risks of nanomaterials used across industries including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, and agriculture. The study discusses how traditional toxicological methods are being adapted alongside new nanotoxicology approaches to assess immunotoxicity and genotoxicity of nanomaterials. The review highlights the need for comprehensive safety frameworks as the rapid development of new nanomaterials continues to outpace our understanding of their potential health effects.
The use of nanomaterials has been increasing in recent times, and they are widely used in industries such as cosmetics, drugs, food, water treatment, and agriculture. The rapid development of new nanomaterials demands a set of approaches to evaluate the potential toxicity and risks related to them. In this regard, nanosafety has been using and adapting already existing methods (toxicological approach), but the unique characteristics of nanomaterials demand new approaches (nanotoxicology) to fully understand the potential toxicity, immunotoxicity, and (epi)genotoxicity. In addition, new technologies, such as organs-on-chips and sophisticated sensors, are under development and/or adaptation. All the information generated is used to develop new in silico approaches trying to predict the potential effects of newly developed materials. The overall evaluation of nanomaterials from their production to their final disposal chain is completed using the life cycle assessment (LCA), which is becoming an important element of nanosafety considering sustainability and environmental impact. In this review, we give an overview of all these elements of nanosafety.
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