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Impacts of Microplastics on the Hydrosphere (Aquatic Environment)
Summary
This book chapter reviews the growing problem of microplastic pollution in aquatic environments, covering how plastics enter water bodies, accumulate in sediments, and affect freshwater and marine organisms. It discusses current contamination levels found in lakes, rivers, and oceans. The chapter calls for improved monitoring and stricter pollution prevention policies.
Pollution by microplastics is a recent global problem owing to their preponderance in various matrices like air, water, biota, sediment, or soil and has become a global concern for the future generation sustainability. The mushrooming concerns about the detrimental effects of microplastics (MPs) on biota in response to its crescive detection and quantification in the aqueous ecosystems is looming large since last few decades, and it's a need of the hour for a thorough ecological risk assessment. The chapter highlights the MP production, release, and transport pathways along with its detrimental impacts on the aquatic biota at different levels of biological organization with available degradation approaches.