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Current Status and Future Challenges of Microplastics in the Agroecosystems
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This review examines the current status and future challenges of microplastic contamination in agroecosystems, focusing on how microplastics alter soil biogeochemical processes, microbial community dynamics, and plant-soil health. Researchers found that microplastics create microbial hotspots, cause physical and chemical damage to soil organisms, and introduce carbon inputs that complicate ecosystem function assessments.
It is unavoidable that microplastics (MPs; <5 mm in diameter) are becoming widespread in agroecosystem. However, these changes act upon the agroecosystem with far-reaching but poorly understood consequences on ecosystem functions and subsequent plant-soil health. MPs could change a broad of essential soil biogeochemical processes by effecting soil properties, forming specific microbial hotspots, inducing diversed influences on microbial functions. The physical damage or chemical toxicity on soil organisms and plants caused by MPs may influence plant health. Due to the C contained in MPs, it contributes to the accumulation of soil organic matter as well dissolved organic matter. This further stimulates microbial activity and consequently CO2 and N2O emissions. Enhanced soluble C released from the decomposition of bioplastics increases microbial nutrient immobilizatization and thus causes competition between plants and microbes. Although MPs may confer some benefits in agroecosystems, it is thought that these will be far outweighed by the potential disbenefits.
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