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Microplastics contamination in bivalves from the Daya Bay: Species variability and spatio-temporal distribution and human health risks
Summary
Researchers assessed microplastic contamination in six species of bivalves from Daya Bay, China, finding microplastics present in 87 to 93% of individuals sampled. Sediment-dwelling bivalves had higher microplastic levels than water-dwelling species, and the types of microplastics found in the shellfish matched those in the surrounding seawater and sediment. A risk assessment based on polymer hazard levels indicated that microplastic contamination in these bivalves may pose health risks to humans who consume them as seafood.
Microplastic contamination is an emerging global threat for various marine organisms. Marine invertebrates such as bivalve mollusks are more susceptible to the widespread presence of microplastics due to their limited abilities to escape from pollution exposure and they can readily ingest environmental pollutants like microplastics through their filter-feeding behaviors. In this study, microplastic contamination in bivalves related to species, spatial, and temporal variability were conducted. Results showed that the frequency of microplastic occurrence varied from 86.7 % to 93.3 % in six species of bivalves, and the average abundance of microplastics ranged from 3.5 to 8.6 items per individual or from 0.2 to 3.1 items per gram tissues wet weight. No significant difference was observed in microplastic abundances of bivalves collected from different research regions and sampling seasons. However, the sediment-dwelling bivalves had higher microplastics abundances than the water-dwelling bivalves. Microplastic features with various shapes, colors, sizes, and polymer types detected in bivalves were similar with those in seawater and sediment environments that they are living in. The potential risk assessment of microplastics in bivalves basing on polymer hazard index (PHI) was in the risk levels of II-III, implying that microplastic contamination in bivalves may pose health risk to human via seafood consumption.