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Evaluation of the Performance of Spline Interpolation Method in Mapping and Estimating the Total Suspended Solids over the Coastal Water of Pulau Tuba, Kedah

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 2022 6 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 30 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Sharir Aizat Kamaruddin, A R Hashim, Zamzila Erdawati Zainol, A Ahmad, Ku Aizuddin K A, Muhammad Akmal Roslani, Norlin Shuhaime, JAMIL TAJAM, H A Hamid, E N Mat Nazir

Summary

Spline interpolation was evaluated as a method for predicting and mapping total suspended solid concentrations in coastal waters around Pulau Tuba, Malaysia, using a limited number of sample points. The method showed acceptable accuracy for mapping suspended sediment distribution. Efficient spatial modeling methods help assess water quality across large coastal areas without exhaustive sampling.

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the spline interpolation method in predicting and mapping the concentration of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in the surface water of Pulau Tuba, Kedah. Thirty sampling points were set up and geolocated using the Geographic Positioning System (GPS). Gravimetric analyses were used to determine the TSS level. Fifty percent of the total sampling points were randomly chosen for developing spatial models using regularised and tension spline methods. The research found that the tension spline methods outperform the regularised spline method. The Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Error Percentage (MAPE) were reported at 351.641, 18.752, 15.81, and 21.51%, respectively. This study’s findings are critical in the domains of spatial statistics and interpolation for creating a precise map of water properties.

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