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Detection of Plastic Nanoparticles in Aqueous Enviroment Based on Optical Manipulation in Combination with Raman Spectroscopy
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This study presents an optical detection method for plastic nanoparticles in aqueous environments, combining optical aggregation of plasmonic metal nanoparticles with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Optical nanoimprinting creates active aggregates that enable SERS detection of nanoplastics in the sub-10 µm size range, where conventional detection methods face significant limitations. The approach addresses a critical analytical gap in nanoplastic monitoring by providing a label-free optical detection pathway for very small particles.
Our planet's ecosystem is supersaturated with non-degradable plastic waste. The degradation of plastic items results in the generation of microplastic and nanoplastic particles. Detection of these kinds of particles still faces challenges due to the limitations of current detection methods and instruments, especially for what concerns the sub-10µm fraction. Herein, we report on a new optical method for optical aggregation that allows us to detect nanoplastics. We summarize recent progress in our experiments that use optical nanoimprinting of plasmonic metal nanoparticles to create the “active” aggregates that can be used for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) detection of biomolecules in microfluidic circuits and as plasmon-enhanced thermoplasmonic concentrators for nanoscale particulate matter such as nanoplastics. In both cases enhanced sensitivity is demonstrated, enabling the detection of nanoparticles/molecules of size/concentration orders of magnitude lower than what can be done by Raman spectroscopy or Raman Tweezers.
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