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Mechanism of perfluorooctanoic acid on microplastic transport in Northeast farmland soils: Based on irrigation mode
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Researchers found that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) contamination in irrigation water influences microplastic migration through three types of agricultural soils, with high PFOA concentrations and biochar additions both inhibiting downward microplastic movement into deeper soil layers.
To investigate the mechanisms driving the migration and diffusion of microplastics (MPs) within agricultural soils subjected to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) contaminated irrigation, this study, albic soil, luvisol, and chernozem were selected as porous media, with four treatment conditions established: a control group, two different PFOA concentration levels, and varying PFOA concentrations coexisting with biochar (denoted as: L0, L10, L10+BC, L20, L20+BC). Simulations mimicking real agricultural irrigation were conducted using outdoor soil column experiments to investigate MPs migration flux under varied scenarios, subsequently constructing a multifactorial soil MPs migration response function to elucidate PFOA's inducement mechanisms on MPs migration. The results indicate that the addition of biochar and high concentrations of PFOA can inhibit the migration of MPs to deeper soil layers. The average MPs concentrations in the L0 and L10 treatments were 497.56 mg/kg and 406.84 mg/kg, respectively. Compared to the L10 treatment, the average MPs concentrations in the luvisol increased by 14.37 % and 4.09 % in the L10+BC and L20 treatments, respectively. Additionally, the average MPs concentration in chernozem under the L10 treatment was 437.28 mg/kg, while the MPs concentrations in albic soils and luvisol were 5.57 % and 6.96 % lower than in chernozem, respectively. This further confirms that the migration ability of MPs in chernozem is the weakest under wastewater irrigation conditions. Furthermore, soil water flux, PFOA concentration, and MPs migration flux corresponded to a two-dimensional Gaussian function. As soil water flux increases and PFOA concentration decreases, there is a positive driving effect on the increase in MPs migration flux. Ultimately, an enhanced model for delineating MPs transport in multi-component porous media was formulated, underscoring advection's predominance over molecular diffusion and mechanical dispersion in influencing MPs transport. The study indicates that adding biochar and controlling PFOA concentrations can reduce MPs migration, protect soil and the environment, and provide scientific basis for agricultural pollution control.
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Effects of Co-Existing Microplastics on Adsorption–Desorption Behavior of Perfluorooctanoic Acid in Soil: Co-Sorption and Mechanism Insight
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Researchers investigated how microplastics affect perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) adsorption in agricultural soil, finding that irregularly shaped microplastics augmented PFOA adsorption through altered functional groups, with kinetics following a quasi-second-order model and isotherms fitting the Freundlich model, indicating microplastics can modify PFOA environmental behavior in agroecosystems.
Effect of biochar on microplastics penetration treatment within soil porous medium under the wetting-drying cycles and optimisation of soil-biochar mixing format
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Researchers tested whether plant-based biochar mixed into soil could prevent microplastics from moving deeper into the ground during repeated wetting and drying cycles that mimic seasonal rainfall. They found that biochar significantly improved microplastic retention in the soil, and experimented with different soil-biochar mixing configurations to optimize performance. The study suggests that biochar amendments could be a practical strategy for reducing microplastic migration through agricultural soils.
Combined effect of biochar and soil moisture on soil chemical properties and microbial community composition in microplastic‐contaminated agricultural soil
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Biochar was applied to microplastic-contaminated agricultural soil under different moisture conditions, with results showing that biochar improved soil chemical properties and shifted microbial communities in ways that partially offset microplastic-induced degradation. The study suggests biochar as a practical soil amendment to mitigate microplastic impacts in farming systems.
Transport and retardation of microplastic in biochar
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Researchers studied how biochar — a carbon material made from burned biomass — slows the movement of microplastics through soil and water systems. Biochar's ability to retard microplastic transport could help prevent plastic particles from spreading from contaminated agricultural land into waterways.
Effects of ionic strength, cation type and pH on the cotransport of microplastics with PFOA in saturated porous media
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Researchers investigated how microplastics and the chemical contaminant PFOA interact when traveling together through saturated soil. The study found that microplastics generally inhibited PFOA transport through adsorption, while PFOA accelerated microplastic movement through electrostatic effects, demonstrating that co-contamination can alter the environmental fate of both pollutants.
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