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Transgenerational effects of lambda-cyhalothrin on Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)
Summary
Researchers exposed houseflies to a pyrethroid insecticide and tracked the survival and reproduction of the next generation, finding that higher doses reduced population growth rates significantly across offspring. The results suggest lambda-cyhalothrin can effectively suppress housefly populations without triggering the hormetic rebound effect — where low doses accidentally stimulate pest growth.
The hormetic effect may cause disease control measures to fail due to inadequate treatment of human disease vectors such as houseflies. Age-stage, two-sex life table is used for accurate estimation of the hermetic impacts on insects as it allows to study sub-lethal or transgenerational effects. Pyrethroids insecticides are primarily used for the management of houseflies. This study used lambda-cyhalothrin (a pyrethroid insecticide) to quantify its transgenerational impacts on houseflies. Life table parameters of a progeny of adult houseflies exposed to LC<sub>10</sub>, LC<sub>30,</sub> and LC<sub>50</sub> of lambda-cyhalothrin were computed. Statistically higher fecundity (71.31 per female) was observed in control treatment, while it was the adults exposed to LC<sub>50</sub> recorded the lowest progeny. Significantly higher values for intrinsic rate of growth (r), limiting rate of growth (λ), and net reproductive rate (R<sub>o</sub>) (0.16, 1.16, and 31.38 per day, respectively) were recorded for the control treatment of the study. Contrarily, lower values for λ, R<sub>o,</sub> and r were (0.10, 1.10, and 9.24 per day, respectively) were noted in the LC<sub>50</sub> treatment. Decreased population parameters suggest that lambda-cyhalothrin can be successfully used in indoor environments to control houseflies.
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