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Peran Ekonomi Lingkungan Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Di Daerah Sekitar Sungai Kapuas
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This paper examines plastic waste management around the Kapuas River in Indonesia through an environmental economics lens, analyzing how externalities from plastic pollution — including microplastic formation that enters food chains — can inform comprehensive waste management strategies.
Abstrak:Permasalahan pencemaran plastik di Sungai Kapuas terutama disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengelolaan limbah domestik dan industri. Plastik yang dibuang ke sungai akan terurai menjadi mikroplastik, masuk ke rantai makanan, dan mengancam kesehatan manusia serta hewan. Untuk mengatasinya, diperlukan pendekatan komprehensif melalui penerapan ekonomi lingkungan dan pengelolaan sampah yang tepat. Pengelolaan ini meliputi pengendalian timbulan, pengumpulan, pengangkutan, pengolahan, dan pembuangan yang memperhatikan aspek kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Konsep eksternalitas menjelaskan dampak dari suatu aktivitas terhadap pihak lain, baik positif maupun negatif. Eksternalitas positif muncul ketika pengelolaan sampah memberikan manfaat bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat, sedangkan eksternalitas negatif timbul akibat pembuangan sampah sembarangan yang merusak ekosistem. Keterlibatan masyarakat sangat penting dalam menjaga kebersihan sungai. Melalui partisipasi dalam daur ulang, masyarakat sekitar Sungai Kapuas tidak hanya membantu mengurangi pencemaran, tetapi juga memperoleh manfaat ekonomi. Abstract: The plastic pollution problem in the Kapuas River is mainly caused by poor management of domestic and industrial waste. When plastic is discarded into the river, it breaks down into microplastics that enter the food chain, posing risks to human and animal health. Addressing this issue requires a comprehensive approach through the application of environmental economics and proper waste management. This includes controlling waste generation, collection, transportation, processing, and disposal while considering health, social, economic, and environmental aspects. The concept of externalities explains the impact of an activity on others, both positive and negative. Positive externalities arise when waste management benefits the community and environment, while negative ones result from careless disposal that harms ecosystems. Community involvement is crucial in maintaining river cleanliness. Through recycling initiatives, residents along the Kapuas River not only help reduce pollution but also gain economic benefits from sustainable waste practices.
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