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First Data on PAE Levels in Surface Water in Lakes of the Eastern Coast of Baikal
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Researchers measured phthalate levels in five lakes along the eastern coast of Lake Baikal, providing the first data on these plastic-associated chemicals in the region. While the study found no potential risk to humans from drinking water, certain phthalate concentrations, particularly DEHP, posed a potential threat to sensitive aquatic organisms based on calculated risk quotients.
The increasing consumption of phthalates (PAEs), along with their high toxicity and high mobility, poses a threat to the environment. This study presents initial data on the contents of six priority PAEs in the water of lakes located on the eastern shore of Lake Baikal-Arangatui, Bormashevoe, Dukhovoe, Kotokel, and Shchuchye. The mean total concentrations of the six PAEs in lakes Arangatui and Bormashevoe (low anthropogenic load) were comparable to those in Kotokel (medium anthropogenic load, 17.34 µg/L) but were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in Dukhovoe and Shchuchye (high anthropogenic load, 10.49 and 2.30 µg/L, respectively). DBP and DEHP were the main PAEs in all samples. The DEHP content in lakes Arangatui and Bormashevoe was quite high, and at some sampling sites it exceeded the MACs established by Russian, U.S. EPA, and WHO regulations. The assessment showed that there is no potential risk to humans associated with the presence of PAEs in drinking water. However, the levels of DEHP, DBP, and DnOP in the water pose a potential threat to sensitive aquatic organisms, as shown by the calculated risk quotients (RQs). It is assumed that the origin of the phthalates in the studied lakes is both anthropogenic and biogenic.
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Researchers measured levels of phthalate chemicals in the Selenga River, which supplies about half of all water flowing into Lake Baikal. They found that phthalate concentrations peaked during high-water periods and were highest near urban and industrial areas. The study indicates that these endocrine-disrupting chemicals pose an environmental risk to one of the world's most important freshwater ecosystems.
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Researchers assessed phthalate ester contamination in Baiyangdian Lake and surrounding rivers in China, finding widespread distribution of these endocrine-disrupting chemicals at concentrations that pose ecological risks to aquatic organisms, particularly during warmer seasons.
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This review surveys phthalate contamination in aquatic environments, covering analytical quantification methods, toxicity data, and sources of phthalate pollution. It highlights phthalates as plastic additives that leach into water from plastic products, posing risks to aquatic organisms and human health.
Environmental Aspect Concerning Phthalates Contamination: Analytical Approaches and Assessment of Biomonitoring in the Aquatic Environment
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This review covered the environmental occurrence, analytical detection methods, and biomonitoring of phthalate plasticizers in aquatic organisms, summarizing extraction techniques, bioindicator species, and the ecological and toxicological risks of phthalate contamination in water bodies.
Microplastic Contamination of Surface Water and Sediments in Lake Kotokel (Eastern Cisbaikalia)
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Researchers report the first detection of microplastics in the surface water and sediments of Lake Kotokel near Lake Baikal, finding average concentrations of 0.59 items per cubic meter in water and 280 items per kilogram in sediments. Fibers were the dominant form, making up about 80% of particles, with polyethylene terephthalate as the most common polymer. The ecological risk was assessed as low to moderate, but the lake's connection to Lake Baikal makes it a potential pathway for broader contamination.
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