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Catalytic degradation of microplastics
Summary
This review summarizes catalytic approaches for degrading microplastics in the environment, covering photocatalysis, Fenton reactions, and other advanced oxidation methods, and evaluates their current effectiveness and limitations for addressing real-world microplastic contamination.
The spread of microplastics is a serious environmental problem, which attracts increasing attention. The achievements of analytical chemistry made it possible to accumulate and systematize an extensive array of data on the contents of microplastics in environmental objects and living (micro)organisms. The current situation brings about the challenge to, at least, isolate microplastics from the environmental objects and, at most, efficiently decompose them. This review systematizes data on the existing (bio)catalytic methods and approaches that can be used for the decomposition of various microplastics. The benefits and drawbacks of the methods are demonstrated. Possible solutions to the existing problems related to the microplastic pollution of the environment are critically discussed, and areas for further development are outlined. The bibliography includes 273 references.