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Bacterial nanocellulose membranes for codelivery of carvacrol and thymol: physico-chemical characterization and in vitro studies
Summary
Researchers developed bacterial nanocellulose membranes loaded with the natural antimicrobials carvacrol and thymol, finding they released active compounds over 24 hours, showed no cytotoxicity to skin cells, and demonstrated antimicrobial potential for wound dressing applications.
Abstract Skin wounds represent a worldwide problem. Biopolymers have been attracting interest for healthcare products toward wound dressing. Among these biopolymers, bacterial nanocellulose membranes (BNC), with its tridimensional and branched nano- and microfibrillar structure, are attractive. Despite that, BNC present no antimicrobial activity. Thus, the incorporation of the monoterpenes Carvacrol (Car) and Thymol (Thy) - which present antimicrobial and healing properties - toward the improvement of skin wound healing, consists of an appealing approach. This research aimed to produce and characterize nanocellulose membranes containing carvacrol and/or thymol, and investigate their release behavior, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties. BNC/Car, BNC/Thy and BNC/Car-Thy membranes were produced at doses of 0.1 and 1.0 mg/cm 2 . The natural components incorporation into the nanocellulose did not interfere neither on ultra-structure nor on its physic characteristics. Release experiments showed a burst release between 2–4 h with sustained release till 24 h, reaching around 80% of the initial amount of the incorporated monoterpenes. Studies with fibroblast and keratinocytes indicated no cytotoxicity and that cells could proliferate over the BNC/Car-Thy membranes. Microbiological studies suggested some antimicrobial potential of the BNC doped with Car and Thy. This innovative biomaterial has the potential for health care products.
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