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Use of ferrofluids in the removal of microplastics from waters
Summary
This paper explores using ferrofluids — magnetic fluids — as a method to remove microplastics from water. The approach leverages magnetic attraction to pull plastic particles from aquatic environments, offering a potential new tool for water treatment that could reduce plastic exposure for aquatic organisms and humans.
U posljednje je vrijeme pojava mikroplastičnih čestica pod sve većim povećalom javnosti. Mikroplastika se nikada neće u potpunosti razgraditi, a negativno utječe na okoliš, ljudsko zdravlje te zdravlje drugih živih bića. Naime probavni sustav organizma ne može probaviti mikroplastiku što predstavlja rizik za ekosustav. Mikroplastika na sebe može vezati kemikalije iz okoliša, kao i bakterije i mikrobe koji potom mogu stvoriti biofilm. Upravo bi se zbog toga problem mikroplastike trebao ozbiljno shvatiti jer dođe li mikroplastika do ljudskog organizma ondje može otpustiti toksične spojeve kao i mikrobe koji su u njoj vezani, oštećujući time i ljudsko zdravlje. Kako bi se mikroplastika uklonila postoji nekoliko rješenja od kojih je u ovom radu predstavljena ekstrakcija mikroplastike ferofluidima. Ferofluidi predstavljaju vrlo snažnu magnetizirajuću tekućinu sastavljenu od tekućeg medija koji sadrži čvrste magnetske čestice vrlo male veličine, koloidno raspršene u tekućini nosača. Uklanjanje mikroplastike ferofluidima vrlo je efikasno jer se čak i najmanje čestice mikroplastike mogu vezati na ferofluid te se potom pomoću magneta mogu odstraniti. U ovom je radu korišten ferofluid na bazi sintetskog ulja te šest otopina mikroplastičnih čestica (polistirena (PS) i polivinil klorida (PVC)) u rasponu veličine od nešto manje od 300 μm do 500 μm. Dokazano je da je tehnika uklanjanja mikroplastike ferofluidom učinkovita i brza. Čestice polistirena imale su općenito bolju učinkovitost uklanjanja od čestica polivil klorida. Također je ustvrđeno da se veće čestice od 355-500 μm bolje ekstrahiraju od manjih čestica manje od 300 μm.
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