Back to papers
0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Environmental Sources Marine & Wildlife Remediation Sign in to save

Assessment of Microplastic Abundance and Discharge from Greywater of Ships

2023 Score: 30 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Jongwook Jeong, Yu Lee Jang, Yu Lee Jang, Yu Lee Jang, Jongwook Jeong, Jongwook Jeong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Jongwook Jeong, Jongwook Jeong, Jongwook Jeong, Jongwook Jeong, Jongwook Jeong, Yu Lee Jang, Jongwook Jeong, Jongwook Jeong, Jongwook Jeong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Soeun Eo, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Soeun Eo, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Won Joon Shim Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Jongwook Jeong, Won Joon Shim Jongwook Jeong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim

Summary

Researchers quantified microplastics in ship greywater from showers, washbasins, laundry, and dishwashers and found that laundry sources produced the highest microplastic concentrations. Since greywater can be discharged to the sea without treatment in most areas, ships contribute substantially to marine microplastic pollution. The study supports the case for regulating greywater discharge from vessels.

Study Type Environmental

Greywater drained from showers, washbasins, laundry, and dishwashers can be discharged to the sea without further treatment unless in no discharge zone. In 2021, International Maritime Organization indicated greywater generated from ships as one of the possible sources of sea-based microplastics. However, there are only a few studies on microplastics in greywater, most of which have used the scientific literature for statistical estimation of the amount of microplastics in cruise ships. It is necessary to evaluate the amount of microplastics in real ships’ greywater for accurate calculation of emission. This study aims to measure microplastics in a ship’s greywater by its usage and to estimate the preliminary global emission of microplastics from a ship’s greywater discharge into the ocean.Greywater was collected in three different holding tanks at 5-day intervals from a research vessel Onnuri of Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (1,370 tons) before and during the cruise for 18 days (April 21–May 9, 2022) with 33 persons on board. A total of 83 m3 of greywater was generated during the cruise. The average microplastic abundance was 135,563±87,141 n/m3 (range: 60,500–322,500 n/m3) in greywater. There were no significant differences in the abundance of microplastics in greywater usage (mainly galley, laundry and shower, and cabin washbasin). The level of microplastics in greywater in this study was several orders of magnitude higher than those in effluents from terrestrial wastewater treatment plants in the literature.The greywater generation rate during navigation was 0.15 m3/person/day, which was comparable to previous studies with various types of ships. The greywater sub-flows accounted for 51%, 17%, and 32% of tank A (drained from the galley and 5 cabins with showers), tank B (18 cabins, 2 laboratory rooms, and 4 washbasins), and tank C (laundry, shower, and washbasin), respectively. The number of microplastic from total greywater was highest in tank C (44%), followed by tank A (29%) and tank B (18%). However, there was no difference in the number and mass of microplastics. The annual microplastic load in greywater from R/V Onnuri was estimated to be 1.2ⅹ108 n/year or 91 g/year. Based on the greywater microplastic emission factor abundance in this study, it is estimated that about 28ⅹ1012 particles or 13–29 tons of microplastics could enter the global oceans from greywater of global fleets (>100 gross tonnages) in a year.

Read via DOI Download PDF

Sign in to start a discussion.

Share this paper

Post Share Share Pin Email