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Βisphenol A and its analogs migrated from contact materials into food and beverages: An updated review in sample preparation approaches
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This review examines updated sample preparation approaches for detecting bisphenol A and its analogs that migrate from food contact materials into food and beverages, addressing challenges of trace-level detection of these endocrine-disrupting compounds.
Bisphenols are used as monomers in the production of plastic materials, and they are likely to be detected in food contact materials. Due to their migration from these plastic packaging materials into food and beverages, the organoleptic properties of the products are changing and plenty of harmful effects on human health are caused, especially if consumers are exposed to higher levels of bisphenols than those established by legislation. However, because of their trace-level presence, their determination into food and beverage matrices is rather difficult. For this reason, sensitive, simple, rapid, and green methods are required to extract and preconcentrate the analytes of interest. Effective and representative tests are required as well, to evaluate the migration of bisphenols from plastic materials under realistic usage conditions. This review provides a detailed background of bisphenol A chemistry and legislation. Furthermore, it refers to bisphenol A migration test procedures and the recent advances of the last decade in the extraction of bisphenols from various matrices by using different sample preparation techniques prior to their chromatographic determination.
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Recent Advances in Sources, Migration, Public Health, and Surveillance of Bisphenol A and Its Structural Analogs in Canned Foods
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This review examines how bisphenol A and related chemicals migrate from the linings of canned food containers into the food itself, potentially affecting human health. Researchers summarized the latest findings on the sources, migration pathways, and analytical methods used to detect these endocrine-disrupting compounds. The study highlights ongoing concerns about low-level but chronic human exposure to these chemicals through everyday canned food consumption.
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This paper investigates how chemical additives and breakdown products from polymer-based food packaging migrate into the foods they contain. It identifies key contaminants of concern—including plasticizers, stabilizers, and monomers—and evaluates the conditions such as temperature and contact time that accelerate migration, with direct relevance to food safety standards.
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Researchers analyzed bisphenol and other endocrine-disrupting compounds extracted from microplastics collected from beach sediments. They found detectable levels of bisphenol A and related compounds, confirming that microplastics act as carriers and reservoirs for hormone-disrupting chemicals in coastal environments.
Simultaneous Determination of Bisphenol A and Its Analogues in Food Matrixes: Cumulative Exposure Assessment Following New Regulatory Restrictions—A Systematic Review
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As bisphenol A faces near-zero regulatory limits in the EU, food exposure assessments show that combined dietary intake of BPA and its structural analogues can push the cumulative Hazard Index above 1, particularly as less-regulated analogues fill its place. This is critical for microplastic research because plastic food packaging is the primary dietary exposure route for bisphenols, and the substitution problem mirrors broader challenges in regulating plastic-derived chemical pollutants.
Bisphenol A and its analogues: from their occurrence in foodstuffs marketed in Europe to improved monitoring strategies—a review of published literature from 2018 to 2023
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This review tracks the levels of bisphenol A (BPA) and similar hormone-disrupting chemicals in food and beverages across Europe from 2018 to 2024. While BPA remains the most commonly detected compound, its substitutes (like BPS and BPF) are increasingly found in food packaging and canned goods. These chemicals mimic estrogen in the body and have been linked to reproductive, metabolic, and developmental health concerns.
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