Microbial Bioremediation of Microplastics

Plastic is being used over the entire globe in the form of capsules, microbeads, fibers or microplastics. The waste thus generated has gained concern due to the loss of aesthetic value, the presence of various toxic chemicals such as plasticizers, antioxidants, etc., and the release of greenhouse gases. The small size and slow degradability of microplastics are responsible for their accumulation in the environment and organisms. Plastic degradability can be improved by altering its chemical and physical structure or using better degrading agents. Different types of microorganisms and enzymes are being designed and employed for degrading plastic waste. This chapter gives an overview of the degradation mechanism along with different microbial, plant and animal species responsible for this process.