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Perencanaan Pengelolaan Limbah Medis (masker) Rumah Tangga Sebagai Upaya Penanganan Dampak COVID-19 Di Kecamatan Bojongloa Kaler, Kota Bandung
Summary
This Indonesian study proposed a management system for household mask waste in Bandung during COVID-19, given that masks are made from polymer-based materials that are difficult to decompose. Pandemic-related single-use plastic waste, including masks, has created a new wave of microplastic contamination in urban environments.
Covid-19 tidak hanya berdampak terhadap kesehatan, perekonomian dan pendidikan, namun juga berdampak terhadap lingkungan. Peraturan Kementrian Kesehatan yang mewajibkan masyarakat menggunakan masker, menimbulkan jumlah limbah masker yang sangat banyak. Limbah ini berbahan dasar polimer sehingga sulit diurai secara alami. Selain itu, limbah masker juga sangat infeksius, sehingga pada daerah-daerah dengan kepadatan penduduk tinggi terutama, membutuhkan rencana pengelolaan yang khusus, salah satunya Kecamatan Bojongloa Kaler. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menghitung timbulan limbah masker, jumlah wadah, jumlah angkutan dan ritasi, serta jumlah alat pengelolaan limbah. Selain itu, metode kualitatif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi timbulan limbah masker rumah tangga dan merencanakan pengelolaan limbah tersebut di Kecaatan Bojongloa Kaler. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, timbulan limbah masker di Kecamatan Bojongloa Kaler adalah 715.158 liter/hari, wadah untuk setiap rumah berkapasitas 10 liter, 1 angkutan khusus limbah masker berkapasitas 1.200 liter dengan jumlah ritasi sebanyak dua kali, serta 1 buah kristaller berlokasi di TPS Astana Anyar dengan kebutuhan listrik 4000VA. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, limbah masker ditampung dengan wadah khusus di setiap rumah, diangkut menggunakan kendaraan khusus, dan dikelola langsung di TPS menggunakan alat kristaller dengan maksimal waktu dari penyimpanan hingga pengelolaan adalah 2 x 24 jam.
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