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Aged polyamide microplastics enhance the adsorption of trimethoprim in soil environments
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This study found that aged polyamide microplastics in soil significantly enhanced the adsorption of the antibiotic trimethoprim — more than 20 times greater than soil alone — through both surface sorption and pH alteration effects. This "enrichment effect" means that microplastics in agricultural soil can concentrate antibiotics, potentially increasing the risk of antibiotic resistance development and reducing the effectiveness of soil as a natural buffer against pharmaceutical contamination.
Microplastics (MPs) in the environment typically age. However, the influence of aged MPs on the adsorption of antibiotics in soil remains unknown. In this study, the adsorption behavior of trimethoprim (TMP) on soil and soil containing aged polyamide (PA) was investigated using batch and stirred flow chamber experiments. The adsorption of TMP on the tested soil with and without PA was fast, with the k values ranging from 50.5 to 55.6 L (mg min). The adsorption of TMP on aged PA was more than 20 times larger than that on the tested soil, which resulted in an "enrichment effect." Furthermore, aged PA altered the pH of the reaction system, thereby enhancing the adsorption of TMP. Consequently, the K values of TMP for soil, soil containing 5%, and 10% aged PA were 5.64, 12.38, and 23.65 L kg, respectively. The effect of aged PA on the adsorption of TMP on soil depended on pH values. However, TMP adsorption on soil containing 10% aged PA was constantly higher (p < 0.01) than that on soil with NaCl concentrations ranging from 0 to 50 mmol L. These findings provide new insights into the effect of environmental MPs on the fate and transport of antibiotics in soil environments.
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