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Keberadaan mikroplastik pada kerang darah (Anadara granosa) dari TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang
Summary
Researchers in Semarang, Indonesia, found microplastics in blood cockles (Anadara granosa) sold at a local fish market, with fibers and fragments being the most common types identified under microscopy. The study also tested whether washing the shellfish before analysis affected results, finding contamination was present regardless. Because blood cockles are a widely consumed seafood in the region and are filter feeders that concentrate particles from the water column, this finding signals a direct route for microplastic ingestion by local populations.
Keberadaan mikroplastik diperairan dapat terakumulasi dalam tubuh biota melalui insang dan rantai makanan. Kerang darah termasuk organisme sesil yang hidup bergantung pada ketersediaan zooplankton, fitoplankton dan material organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mikroplastik pada kerang darah (Anadara granosa) di TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel kerang darah diambil dari hasil tangkapan nelayan TPI Tambak Lorok pada bulan Oktober 2021 dan Januari 2022. Sampel dibedakan dengan perlakuan pencucian dan tanpa pencucian. Sampel didestruksi menggunakan KOH 10% sebanyak 3:1 berat sampel selama 24 jam, apabila terdapat sisa bahan organik maka ditambahkan H2O2 30% sebanyak 5 ml selama 24 jam. Sampel disaring menggunakan filter paper dengan bantuan vacuum pump. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya mikroplastik pada kerang darah dari TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi visual menggunakan mikroskop binokuler, bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan yaitu fiber, film, fragment dan pellet. Proses pencucian mengakibatkan penurunan mikroplastik sebesar 18% (42,8 partikel/individu) pada bulan Oktober 2021 dan 16% (20,8 partikel/individu) pada bulan Januari 2022. Hasil kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel tanpa pencucian dan dengan pencucian secara berturut – turut pada bulan Oktober 2021 sebesar 134,2 dan 91,4 partikel/individu dan Januari 2022 sebesar 72,6 dan 51,8 partikel/individu. The presence of microplastics in the waters can accumulate in the body's biota through the gills and the food chain. Blood clams are sessile organisms that live depending on the availability of zooplankton, phytoplankton and organic matter. This study aims to determine microplastics in blood clams (Anadara granosa) at TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Samples of blood clams were taken from the catches of TPI Tambak Lorok fishermen in October 2021 and January 2022. The samples were different with washing and non-washing treatment. Samples were destructed using 10% KOH as much as 3:1 sample weight for 24 hours, if there was residual organic matter then 30% H2O2 was added as much as 5 ml for 24 hours. The sample is filtered using filter paper with the help of a vacuum pump. The results showed the presence of microplastics in blood clams from TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Based on visual acquisition using a binocular microscope, the forms of microplastics found were fiber, film, fragments and pellets. The washing process resulted in a reduction of microplastics by 18% (42.8 particles/individual) in October 2021 and 16% (20.8 particles/individual) in January 2022. The results of microplastic retention in samples without washing and with washing respectively in October 2021 it was 134.2 and 91.4 particles/individual and January 2022 it was 72.6 and 51.8 particles/individual.
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