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Emerging Contaminants (PFAS, Microplastics, Pharmaceuticals): Detection, Fate, and Remediation Strategies - A Review
Summary
This review consolidates current knowledge on the sources, environmental behavior, detection methods, and remediation strategies for three classes of persistent emerging contaminants — PFAS, microplastics, and pharmaceuticals — highlighting the need for comprehensive regulatory and monitoring approaches.
Emerging contaminants like per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS), microplastics, and pharmaceuticals are increasingly considered threats to environmental and human health because of their persistence, bioaccumulation tendency, and complex ecosystem interactions. This review consolidates current understanding of their sources, ecological behaviour, detection methods, and remediation strategies. It highlights the critical need for comprehensive approaches, advanced monitoring technologies, and policy measures to reduce their adverse effects.
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