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Oxidative Stress and Immunopathological Alterations of Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (BTX)

Water Air & Soil Pollution 2023 11 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Sary Kh. Abd‐Elghaffar, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Sary Kh. Abd‐Elghaffar, Asmaa Hussein, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Sary Kh. Abd‐Elghaffar, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Sary Kh. Abd‐Elghaffar, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Asmaa Hussein, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Asmaa Hussein, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Asmaa Hussein, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed

Summary

Researchers found that exposure to monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene and toluene) caused significant oxidative stress and immunopathological alterations in Clarias gariepinus catfish, including tissue damage in gills, liver, and kidneys.

Body Systems

Cardiovascular Hepatic Immune Renal

Abstract This study’s goal was to assess the catfish’s response to exposure to monoaromatic petroleum hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, and xylene) and its recovery after exposure using oxidative stress, histopathological, and immunological changes as biomarkers. Four groups: one as control and other three exposed to benzene (0.762 ng/L), toluene (26.614 ng/L), and xylene (89.403 ng/L), respectively, for 30 days and then recovery period for 30 days. The levels of the cortisol, lipid peroxidation, and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) increased significantly ( p < 0.05) after exposure to benzene and xylene compared to control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and acetylcholinstease (Ach) decreased significantly ( p < 0.05) in fishes exposed to benzene only compared to control group. While glutathione-S-transferase (GST) did not show any change in different treatment groups compared to control group. The histopathological signs of liver exposed to benzene, toluene, and xylene displayed aggregation of melanomacrophages, congestion of sinusoids, vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, necrotic area with inflammatory cell infiltration, and thrombus of central vein. Kidney exposed to benzene, toluene, and xylene showed dilatation of Bowman’s space with atrophy of glomerular tuft, lyses of RBCs with mononuclear cell infiltration, multifocal area of hemopoietic tissue necrosis, organized thrombus with perivascular hemorrhage, focal inflammatory cellular reaction, renal tubular necrosis, and thrombus of blood vessels. Spleen exposed to benzene, toluene, and xylene showed hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles in white pulp in a mild degree. These lesions appeared to a mild degree or disappeared completely after recovery period to BTX except spleen. In conclusion, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX) are hazardous to fish and the toxicity level was as benzene > xylene > toluene even though after recovery period.

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