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A Review on the Impact of Nanoparticles on Heavy Metals in the Soils
Summary
This review examined how manufactured nanomaterials affect heavy metal behavior in soils, covering how nanoparticles interact with metal ions and influence their mobility, bioavailability, and toxicity, with implications for environmental remediation and risk assessment.
Manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) are witnessing an increasing use in industrial and consumer products in modern times. Many publications stated that metal and Nanoparticles (NPs) are utilized in various industries, including sunscreens, cosmetics, paints, electronics, and water treatment. The widespread use of product-based metals has dramatically increased the quantity of Heavy metals (HMs) in the environment. It is necessary to examine the impact of NPs on HMs in the soil environment and the interaction between them. This paper discussed nanoparticles’ impact on environmental heavy metal accumulation, bioavailability, and biomagnification. It also highlighted the importance of soil parameters in the interaction between NPs and HMs. The article explored NPs and HMs, highlighting toxicants’ harmful effects and various aspects. The manuscript’s originality focused on explaining the synergistic toxicity of NPs and HMs in soil and providing an overview of the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of those pollutants in plants and the human body.