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POLYMERS RECYCLING: UPCYCLING TECHNIQUES. AN OVERVIEW
Summary
This paper is not about microplastics in a research sense; it is an overview of polymer recycling and upcycling techniques, mentioning microplastic accumulation briefly as motivation but not investigating microplastics directly.
Since 1950 plastics became the materials of greatest world production. Thus, in recent years the increase in the use of different types of plastics has been a matter of global concern due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the accumulation of waste in the different environmental matrices, affecting the ecosystem. By 2015, 4.9 million metric tons of plastic waste were recorded in landfills, because more than 40% of the plastics produced are designed for single use. The mass amount of plastic is estimated to exceed 450 million tonnes per year and will double by 2045.
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